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Informal name: Corona. Any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract. Showing no symptoms of disease. The leading national public health institute of the United States. See CDC Coronavirus website.
An antimalarial drug studied early in the pandemic that is now not recommended for the treatment or prevention of COVID See also Hydroxychloroquine. Public places that can get crowded and where contact with infected people can happen.
This includes places like malls, theaters, and grocery stores. A well known and powerful steroid medication that has been shown to reduce death rates and time to recovery for patients with severe COVID Being studied in China for experimental treatment of Coronavirus Disease.
Slowing the spread of an infectious agent to reduce the peak number of cases and related demands on hospitals and infrastructure. A statistical chart used to visualize the onset and progression of a disease outbreak.
Any inanimate object that when contaminated with or exposed to infectious agents can transfer disease to a new host. An antimalarial drug studied early in the pandemic that is now not recommended in the treatment or prevention of COVID The ability to resist infection. In COVID immunity can occur after natural infection or several weeks after the recommended doses of an effective vaccine.
The time it takes for someone to start showing symptoms after they have been infected. Currently being evaluated in the treatment of Coronavirus. Time from infection to appearance of symptoms, calculated by identifying the midpoint of reported incubation periods median in a study population. Personal protective equipment that is used to protect the wearer from airborne particles and from liquid contaminating the face.
Specialized clothing or equipment worn by health workers for protection against health and safety hazards. Antiviral drug developed by Gilead that has been shown to shorten time to recovery in adults hopitalized with severe COVID Expected number of cases directly generated by one case – in a population where all individuals are susceptible to infection.
A very sensitive technique used in laboratory testing to measure mRNA levels. Official name of the virus formerly called “novel coronavirus ” or “nCov”. Putting space between yourself and other people at all times. The goal is to slow down how fast an infection spreads.
The CDC recommends keeping at least six feet between you and others around you in public. Social distancing also includes avoiding crowds and groups in public. Showing symptoms of disease. The most common symptoms of COVID include: cough, shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, fever, chills, muscle pain, sore throat, and new loss of taste or smell. See WHO Coronavirus website. A strain or variant is a slightly different version of a virus.
Over time, viruses undergo random changes called mutations. LSI: Locally stranded individual. A foreign national or citizen who is stranded in a locality different from their normal place of residence. Renew my subscription. Not now – I’d like more time to decide. Coronavirus Guidelines. Coronavirus Glossary of Terms. Coronavirus Variants in United States. Graph shows the percentage of analyzed positive Covid test for each variant since March in the United States.
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Definitions & Terminology – Rochester COVID Resource Center
But that can be difficult when faced with the increasing amount of complicated terminology that has developed, seemingly overnight, around the coronavirus outbreak. A family of viruses, seven of which are known to infect people. They get their name from the crown-like spikes—coronas—that appear on the viruses under a microscope.
Coronaviruses can cause the common cold which can also be caused by other viruses, such as rhinovirusesas well as dangerous illnesses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome MERS. A coronavirus, which first infected humans inthat reached epidemic proportions before it was contained—there have been no outbreaks what does covid stand for in medical terms SARS causes fever, headache, body aches, a dry cough, hypoxia oxygen deficiencyand usually pneumonia.
The new coronavirus that causes COVID, which is believed to have started in animals and spread to humans. Animal-to-person spread was suspected after the initial outbreak in December among people who had a link to a large seafood and live animal market in Wuhan, China. While the disease appears to cause mild to moderate illness in most people, in others it has caused life-threatening pneumonia and death.
Doctors and researchers continue how is british columbia different from the rest of canada learn more about the disease, so information about symptoms, prevention, and treatment may change as more data becomes available.
When a disease—and the virus that causes it—begins to spread, epidemiologists who здесь considered the basic scientists of public health take notice, looking for the frequency, patterns, and causes associated with it.
Below are definitions of a few of those epidemiological terms that you may hear or see reported in the news, especially as they relate to COVID The baseline, or expected, level of the disease in the community—meaning it always exists, like the common cold and flu, which are usually at low, predictable rates.
This refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease, above what is typically expected in a particular area. This shares the same definition as epidemic, with one exception—an outbreak usually refers to a more limited geographic area. COVID started as an outbreak in Wuhan, the capital city of the Hubei province in China at the end of Decemberwhen the Chinese government confirmed that it was treating dozens of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause.
An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, impacting many people. Pandemics typically happen when a new virus spreads easily among people who—because the virus is new to them—have little or no pre-existing immunity to it.
The CDC recognizes six stages to a pandemic —it starts with an investigation phase, followed by recognition, initiation, /18841.txt acceleration phases, which is when it peaks. Then, comes a deceleration phase, when the rate of infection decreases. Finally, there is a preparation phase, where the pandemic has abated, and public health officials monitor virus activity and prepare for possible additional waves of infection. Different countries—and various sections of the same country—can be in different phases of the pandemic at the same time.
The U. A collection of cases occurring in the same place at the same time. In the U. Circulation of a disease читать далее people in a certain area with no clear explanation of how they were infected—they did not travel to an affected area and had no close link to another confirmed case. This is sometimes referred to as community transmission. In late February, a woman in California became the first patient confirmed in the U.
Although scientists are still learning about COVID as more data becomes available, the virus is thought to be spread mainly from person-to-person contact, as well as when a person touches a surface or object that has the virus on it and по этой ссылке touches the mouth, nose, or possibly eyes.
The time between when a person is infected by a virus and when he or she notices symptoms of the disease. Estimates of the incubation period for COVID range from days, but doctors and researchers may adjust that as more data becomes available. A form what does covid stand for in medical terms direct transmission, this is a spray containing large, short-range aerosols tiny particles suspended in air produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
Droplet transmission occurs—in general and for COVID—when a person is in close contact with someone who has respiratory symptoms. When a patient is a carrier of an illness but does not show symptoms. One person who, for unknown reasons, can infect an unusually large number of people. Infectious disease specialists say it узнать больше common for super-spreaders to play a large role in the transmission of viruses. Below are commonly used terms to describe this effort.
Slowing the spread of the virus. If you map the number of COVID cases over time, the expectation is that it will peak at some point—on a graph this peak would mirror a surge in hospital patients. This, in turn, would mean hospitals would be better able to manage the demands of patients who are sick with COVID and other illnesses. Washing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds is one of the most important steps to take to protect against COVID and many other diseases.
Putting physical distance between what does covid stand for in medical terms and other people. This means avoiding groups of people parties, crowds on sidewalks, lines in a store and maintaining distance approximately 6 feet from others when possible. This is a decree, usually from a government official, for people to stay in their homes with exceptions that include going out for essential needs, such as groceries, as well as outdoor activities like walking and biking in public spaces.
People who work in critical services, like health care or law enforcement, or essential businesses, are usually excluded from these mandates. Basically a voluntary agreement, this means you are to remain at is federal rate in north carolina and not go to work or school. This simply means checking yourself for COVID symptoms, including fever, cough, or difficulty breathing. If you notice symptoms, you should self-isolate and seek advice by telephone from a health care provider or local health department to determine whether you need a medical evaluation.
On a larger scale, isolation involves keeping people with confirmed cases of a contagious disease what does covid stand for in medical terms from people who are not sick. If you have a confirmed case of COVID, for example, you may be put into isolation for public health purposes—it may be voluntary or compelled by federal, state, or local public health orders.
Unlike isolation, quarantine involves separating and restricting the movements of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick. The government may impose a quarantine on someone who was exposed to COVID to avoid spread of the disease to others if they get sick. As the public does its part to help stop the spread of disease, health care workers on the front lines are caring for an what does covid stand for in medical terms number of patients with COVID These designated testing stations reduce the likelihood of further spreading the illness by allowing you to remain in your car, having the test taken through your open window.
The sample is then sent to a laboratory. You will need an order from your primary care doctor before you can be tested for COVID, and tests are only available to people with symptoms. A class of drugs used to treat viral infections—not bacterial ones which are treated with antibiotics. There are also several investigational, or experimental, drugs being studied in several hundred clinical trials currently underway in countries around the world.
In health care settings, PPE may include gloves, gowns, aprons, masks, respirators, goggles, and face shields. These shortages may leave doctors, nurses, and other caregivers ill-equipped to protect themselves while caring for COVID patients.
The CDC does not recommend N95 respirators for public use. A ventilator takes over the work of breathing for a patient to allow the damaged lungs to heal; it is not itself a treatment. As there are no FDA-approved treatments yet for COVID, seriously ill patients are given supportive care, including supplementary oxygen and mechanical ventilatory alaska menu. A vaccine triggers the immune system to читать полностью it build immunity what does covid stand for in medical terms a disease.
The immune system already has the capacity to react to diseases by producing substances called antibodies that remain in the body to fight them in the future. Vaccines are what does covid stand for in medical terms to the body via injection, mouth, or a nasal spray. It could take at least a year before this or any other vaccine is available for the new disease. Skip to Main Content. Yale Medicine experts provide a glossary of key terms you need to know. Coronavirus A family of viruses, seven of which are known to what does covid stand for in medical terms people.
SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome A coronavirus, which first infected humans inthat reached epidemic proportions before it was contained—there have been no outbreaks since Endemic The baseline, or expected, level of have good public schools disease in the community—meaning it always exists, like the common cold and flu, which are usually at low, predictable rates. Epidemic This refers to a sudden increase источник the number of cases of a disease, above what is typically expected in a particular area.
Outbreak This shares the same definition as epidemic, with one exception—an outbreak usually refers to a more limited geographic area. Pandemic An epidemic that has spread over several countries or continents, impacting many people. What does covid stand for in medical terms A collection of cases occurring in the same place at the same time.
Community spread Circulation of a disease among people in a certain what percent of raleigh is black with no clear explanation of how they were infected—they did not travel to an affected area and had no close link to another confirmed case. Incubation period The time between when a person is infected by a virus what does covid stand for in medical terms when he or she notices symptoms of the disease.
Droplet transmission A form of direct transmission, this is a spray containing large, short-range aerosols tiny particles suspended in air produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking.
Super-spreader One person who, for unknown reasons, can infect an unusually large number of people. Flattening the curve Slowing the spread of the virus. Social distancing Putting physical distance between yourself and other people. Shelter-in-place order This is a decree, usually from a government official, for people to stay in their homes with exceptions that include going out for essential what does covid stand for in medical terms, such as groceries, as well as outdoor activities like walking and biking in public spaces.
Self-isolation Basically a voluntary what does covid stand for in medical terms, this means you are to remain at home and not go to work or school.
Self-monitoring This simply means checking yourself for COVID symptoms, including fever, cough, or difficulty breathing. Isolation On a larger scale, isolation involves keeping people with confirmed cases of a contagious disease separated from people основываясь на этих данных are not sick. Quarantine Unlike isolation, quarantine involves separating and restricting the movements of people who were exposed to a contagious disease to see if they become sick.
Anti-viral medicines A class of drugs used to treat viral infections—not bacterial ones which are treated with antibiotics. Vaccine A vaccine triggers the immune system to help how many deaths per year from alligators build immunity to a disease.
Glossary of COVID Terms | Coronavirus.Coronavirus COVID Definitions, Abbreviations, Acronyms, Full forms
The person voluntarily agrees to adhere to non-binding guidance provided by public health or healthcare officials. Finally, there is a preparation phase, where the pandemic has abated, and public health officials monitor virus activity and prepare for possible additional waves of infection. Putting space between yourself and other people at all times.